Measured movement, the full network, and scenarios you can test. One tool for the questions planning actually asks.
See it on a real case How it works ↓Thousands of phones already report to the mobile network, in every municipality in Norway. Draw a polygon and it starts counting within minutes, every ten minutes after that, grossed to an all-network estimate.
Presence tells you how many and when. SSB, OSM, Entur and roadside counters say who lives where and what the network offers. Models fill in the only part nobody can watch: what happens if something changes. The tool keeps all three labelled, so every number on screen says how it knows.
Every journey routed on the real footpath network and loaded onto each segment. Move the school and the flows reorganise.
The same engine assigns car traffic calibrated against public roadside counters, and cycles the network the same way. osm routed
The Stavanger case, live. 1,115 real homes, three levers, nothing precomputed behind the curtain.
Homes are OSM residential buildings; pupils are each zone's 5 to 19 count spread by dwelling type, the 630 nearest Vaulen taken as the catchment. The kommune pupil list would replace that allocation. The one direct bus route's nearest stops sit 139 m from the school in a straight line and 866 m on foot, across the E39.
Population grids, road and path networks, timetables and roadside counters are in for the whole country. The sensors need a polygon and a day. Stavanger is on this page; the next kommune works the same way.